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Check for urinary infection or crystals in urine & bladder. Cats may associate the pain from peeing with the litter box and start finding a place that doesn’t hurt to go.
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Clean areas with enzyme cleaner to get rid of the scent (nature’s miracle). UV flashlight to see all urine stains.
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Check for environmental stress (noise, fights, types of litter, etc.)
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Add a second litter box with no lid, with a diff type of litter.
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Got stimulating toys with treats for night time and when I work.
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Gently put cat’s face in the area they were bad. Talk to them and explain can’t go there, bring them to the box tell them this is where you go.